%20Large.png){kind=small}
Future of IoT Security in Fueling
- Jackson Haskell
- Jan 28
- 10 min read
IoT devices are transforming fueling systems by connecting components like dispensers, sensors, and controllers for real-time monitoring. However, this connectivity introduces serious security risks. Over 50% of IoT devices have critical vulnerabilities, exposing fueling operations to cyber threats like ransomware, malware, and supply chain attacks. These threats can cause physical disruptions, safety hazards, and financial losses.
Key takeaways:
Fueling IoT Risks: Vulnerabilities in OT systems (e.g., SCADA, PLCs) can lead to operational disruptions and safety issues.
Common Threats: Ransomware, phishing, and software supply chain attacks are targeting fueling networks.
Emerging Solutions: Zero-Trust Architecture, AI-driven edge computing, and blockchain are improving IoT security.
Best Practices: Secure hardware/software protocols, network segmentation, and post-quantum cryptography are critical for long-term protection.
With IoT devices playing a growing role in fueling infrastructure, addressing these vulnerabilities is urgent. Companies must adopt advanced security technologies and strict protocols to safeguard their systems against evolving threats.
AWS re:Invent 2017: Modernizing the Energy and Utilities Industry with IoT: Moving S (EUT303)
Growing Threats to IoT-Enabled Fueling Systems
Fueling systems face a unique set of cyber risks that go beyond typical data breaches. Since operational technology (OT) devices manage critical functions like fuel dispensing, safety, and quality, any breach can lead to direct physical and operational disruptions. These evolving threats require tailored security measures to protect fueling environments.
Common Cybersecurity Threats Facing IoT Devices
Cyber threats such as ransomware, malware, and phishing are among the most common attack methods targeting IoT devices. These attacks often exploit weaknesses in network hardware that safeguard industrial systems. For instance, in October 2025, the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) issued an urgent directive addressing critical vulnerabilities in F5 devices. As of November 2025, CISA continues to monitor active threats aimed at Cisco ASA and Firepower devices - equipment frequently used to secure fueling system perimeters.
Both nation-state actors and cybercriminals use these vulnerabilities to steal sensitive information, disrupt operations, or extort ransom payments. Another growing concern lies in the software supply chain, where attackers may hide malicious code within system software. Detecting these hidden risks often requires tools like a Software Bill of Materials (SBOM) to trace and verify software components.
The integration of IT and OT networks has further increased exposure. Once isolated, industrial control systems are now connected to corporate networks and cloud platforms, making them more accessible to internet-based threats. Compounding the problem, many organizations lack full visibility into their connected devices, leaving gaps that attackers can exploit.
Understanding these vulnerabilities is crucial to grasping their potential impact on fueling operations.
Impact of Cyber Attacks on Fueling Operations
Unlike IT breaches that primarily affect data, cyber attacks on fueling systems can have immediate, physical consequences by tampering with device controls. For instance, an attack targeting programmable logic controllers (PLCs) or SCADA systems could lead to a complete loss of control over critical functions like fuel dispensing, quality monitoring, or safety systems.
The financial and operational repercussions are significant. Disruptions to real-time processes can halt operations, compromise safety, and degrade system performance and reliability. These breaches can also create physical hazards, endangering both personnel and the environment.
"OT encompasses a broad range of programmable systems and devices that interact with the physical environment... These systems and devices detect or cause a direct change through the monitoring and/or control of devices, processes, and events." – NIST SP 800-82 Rev. 3
The risks tied to IoT devices are not limited to their initial deployment. Cybersecurity challenges persist throughout their lifecycle - spanning installation, maintenance, and eventual replacement. Continuous management of these vulnerabilities is essential to prevent unauthorized access. Addressing this persistent threat environment requires security strategies specifically designed for OT systems, rather than simply adapting traditional IT security practices.
New Technologies for IoT Security in Fueling
As cyber threats grow more sophisticated, IoT security in fueling systems must evolve to stay ahead. Technologies like Zero-Trust Architecture, AI-driven edge computing, and blockchain are stepping up to address vulnerabilities, offering tailored defenses for fueling operations.
Zero-Trust Architecture for Fueling Systems
Zero-Trust Architecture (ZTA) shifts the traditional approach to network security by requiring continuous verification for every user, device, and session, regardless of their location within the network.
"Zero trust assumes there is no implicit trust granted to assets or user accounts based solely on their physical or network location... or based on asset ownership." – NIST SP 800-207
This model protects individual components - like sensors, controllers, and dispensers - by treating each access request with strict scrutiny. It prevents two key attack types: unauthorized network attacks, where devices are tricked into joining malicious networks, and malicious device attacks, where compromised assets infiltrate the infrastructure.
To implement ZTA, automated device onboarding ensures that every device proves its identity and security status before gaining network access. Additionally, microsegmentation isolates fueling system components, so a breach in one area doesn’t compromise the entire network.
AI and Edge Computing for Real-Time Threat Detection
While Zero-Trust focuses on access control, AI and edge computing bring speed and precision to threat detection and response. AI models, including VAEs and multi-layer perceptrons, excel at identifying anomalies like man-in-the-middle attacks, achieving detection rates above 91%.
Edge computing enhances this capability by processing security data directly at the fueling site - whether at a pump or controller - without relying on distant cloud servers. This local processing cuts response times significantly, with critical threats addressed in under 10 seconds and volumetric attacks handled even faster.
Hardware-backed solutions, such as Edge Secured-core devices, add another layer of defense. These devices feature built-in security measures and hardware-based identity verification, making them 60% more resistant to malware compared to standard options. AI tools like Isolation Forests monitor usual behaviors and act quickly when deviations occur, enforcing measures like Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), session termination, or device isolation.
Blockchain for Data Integrity in Fueling Networks
Blockchain technology strengthens trust within fueling networks by creating tamper-proof records, ensuring data integrity. This secure audit trail supports regulatory compliance and deters fraud.
"Blockchain technology has emerged as a promising solution to enhance security in IoT environments by ensuring tamper-resistant and decentralized trust management." – Yazan Otoum, Arghavan Asad, and Amiya Nayak
Unlike centralized systems, blockchain distributes trust across a decentralized network, removing single points of failure. Authentication protocols like the Deoxys Authentication Algorithm (DAA) validate IoT devices before data transfer, blocking impersonation attacks. When paired with advanced intrusion detection systems, blockchain can boost detection accuracy by 25% while reducing false negatives by 30%.
Blockchain also facilitates secure machine-to-machine (M2M) transactions, enabling fueling assets and vehicles to interact autonomously without human involvement. Edge-based blockchain nodes can operate directly on IoT devices, handling access control and security locally. Using hashed transactions and Merkle trees, this setup ensures cryptographic integrity, allowing users to verify every interaction within the network.
Best Practices for Securing IoT in Fueling Operations
As cyber threats become more sophisticated, securing IoT-enabled fueling systems requires strategies that are both effective and minimally disruptive. Protecting these systems starts with addressing the basics: securing hardware and software, which forms the backbone of any strong IoT defense.
Secure Hardware and Software Protocols
Security begins before devices even connect to a network. By onboarding devices that can verify both their identity and their security posture, you can prevent two major risks: unauthorized devices infiltrating your system and legitimate devices being tricked into connecting to harmful networks.
"Trust is achieved by attesting and verifying the identity and posture of the device and the network before providing the device with its network credentials - a process known as network-layer onboarding." – NIST SP 1800-36
Automating lifecycle management is another critical step. Before devices like pump controllers or tank sensors perform essential tasks, automated checks can confirm their firmware is up-to-date and free from known vulnerabilities. During procurement, ensure all IoT devices meet the IoT device cybersecurity capability core baseline defined in NIST IR 8259A. This baseline outlines minimum security standards to guard against common threats from the moment devices are deployed.
Once the hardware and software are secured, network segmentation becomes the next line of defense.
Network Segmentation and Access Control
Fueling operations require strict network segmentation to minimize the impact of potential breaches. By isolating different components - such as tank gauges, dispensers, and payment terminals - into separate network zones, you can limit how far an attack can spread.
Using Manufacturer Usage Descriptions (MUD) further strengthens security by defining and enforcing the communication patterns each IoT device is allowed to follow. This approach reduces the attack surface by blocking unnecessary connections. For tailored guidance, NIST SP 800-82 Rev. 3 offers recommendations specific to the performance, reliability, and safety needs of fueling operations.
Post-Quantum Cryptography for Future Security
Fueling infrastructure often has a long lifespan, with many assets remaining operational for 10 to 20 years. This longevity poses a challenge, as today’s encryption standards will likely become vulnerable as quantum computing advances. To stay ahead, it’s essential to adopt post-quantum cryptography.
NIST has introduced post-quantum algorithms to address this future risk. When upgrading or purchasing new hardware, opt for devices that support these NIST-approved encryption and digital signature algorithms. For existing assets expected to remain in service for years, prioritize firmware updates or hardware replacements that incorporate post-quantum security measures. By taking these steps, you can ensure your fueling infrastructure remains protected even as quantum computing technology evolves.
Guardian Fueling Technologies and IoT Security
Guardian Fueling Technologies combines advanced IoT solutions with dependable support to enhance fueling operations. Their approach ensures both cutting-edge technology and the backing needed for effective implementation.
AI-Powered Monitoring and Threat Response
Guardian's AI platform works by establishing a baseline for fuel consumption and identifying unusual patterns that may signal breaches or system failures. For example, it can detect after-hours fueling, mismatched usage rates, or unexplained fuel losses. If fuel card misuse is identified, the system sends real-time alerts, enabling immediate action to prevent further issues.
This type of automated fraud detection is essential, especially when global losses from oil and fuel theft are estimated at a staggering $133 billion annually. Beyond theft prevention, the platform also monitors critical fuel quality factors like water contamination and microbial growth, which can harm equipment and compromise safety.
Nationwide Support for Fueling Asset Security
Technology alone isn't enough - quick response times are equally important for protecting fueling infrastructure. Guardian addresses this need with a network of over 350 service professionals spread across 26 branches in 13 states, ensuring technicians are ready to tackle equipment issues or security concerns promptly.
While the AI system proactively detects potential problems, Guardian’s technicians provide the human element for swift resolutions. Many software-related IoT issues can be diagnosed or fixed remotely, thanks to advanced monitoring tools. For physical repairs, technicians arrive on-site equipped with the necessary parts and detailed asset histories, accessible through mobile field solutions.
This combination of predictive AI monitoring and immediate technician support allows operations to move away from reactive "break-fix" approaches and toward proactive maintenance. Technicians document repairs, log diagnostics, and create tamper-proof audit trails that enhance security and compliance. For critical facilities like hospitals or emergency services, Guardian offers service agreements with priority dispatch protocols to ensure uninterrupted fuel availability during crises.
Future of IoT Security in Fueling
Securing IoT in fueling operations now requires specialized operational technology (OT) frameworks rather than relying on generic IT protocols. Unlike traditional IT systems, fueling IoT devices directly control physical processes, meaning any security breach could lead to severe consequences. Alarmingly, over 90% of ransomware attacks exploit unmanaged devices, highlighting the urgency of addressing these vulnerabilities. This growing threat landscape calls for advanced solutions like cryptographic protections, robust authentication methods, and AIoT technologies.
Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) is becoming a necessity. With the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) preparing to implement PQC requirements by January 2026, fueling companies must integrate PQC and passwordless authentication into their systems. This is especially critical, as 99% of identity-based attacks stem from password vulnerabilities.
AIoT (Artificial Intelligence of Things) is already making a strong impact, with 62% of organizations actively using it and 71% applying it for predictive maintenance. Companies that heavily rely on AIoT report nearly double the benefits compared to those with lighter usage.
"Organizations must prioritize managing all network-connected devices to prevent ransomware attacks. Enrolling devices into management systems or excluding unmanaged ones is essential." - Microsoft Threat Intelligence
To secure future fueling operations, companies must take proactive steps. This includes conducting thorough audits of all deployed IoT devices, enforcing strict cybersecurity protocols from procurement to decommissioning, and fostering collaboration between IT and OT teams. With 79% of industrial respondents identifying AIoT as critical for the next three years, these measures are not optional - they're essential for building resilience.
FAQs
What are the key security challenges of using IoT devices in fueling systems?
IoT devices in fueling systems come with their share of security risks. One of the biggest concerns is the threat of cyberattacks on operational technology (OT) devices. If these devices aren’t configured securely or are directly exposed to the internet, they can become easy targets. This could result in unauthorized access, system disruptions, or even fuel theft.
Another pressing issue is protecting the data that IoT sensors and controllers send and receive. These devices depend on wireless communication and real-time data sharing, making them vulnerable to interception or manipulation. Any tampering with this data could undermine the accuracy of fuel monitoring and disrupt the system’s reliability. And with increasingly advanced threats like ransomware and malware, the stakes for securing these systems are higher than ever.
To combat these challenges, adopting strong cybersecurity practices is non-negotiable. This includes setting up devices securely, segmenting networks to limit access, continuously monitoring for vulnerabilities, and ensuring software and systems are regularly updated. These steps are vital for keeping fueling systems safe from evolving IoT threats.
How does Zero-Trust Architecture improve security for IoT-enabled fueling systems?
Zero-Trust Architecture (ZTA) takes a rigorous approach to security by enforcing strict access controls and continuous verification for every user, device, and network segment. Unlike traditional models that often trust internal users and devices by default, ZTA operates on the principle that nothing is inherently trustworthy - whether inside or outside the network. This mindset ensures that every access request is thoroughly authenticated and authorized, reducing potential vulnerabilities.
Fueling operations, which depend heavily on IoT devices like dispensers, monitoring systems, and maintenance tools, benefit significantly from ZTA's security framework. By implementing measures like least privilege access, network segmentation, and real-time monitoring, ZTA minimizes risks such as unauthorized access, device spoofing, and malware attacks. For example:
Least privilege access ensures that users and devices only get the minimum permissions required to perform their tasks, limiting exposure to sensitive systems.
Network segmentation isolates critical infrastructure, making it harder for threats to spread across the network.
Real-time monitoring detects suspicious activity immediately, enabling quick responses to potential breaches.
Additionally, ZTA incorporates multi-factor authentication to add another layer of defense, ensuring that only verified users can access sensitive systems. These strategies work together to shield fueling assets from evolving threats, creating a more secure and resilient operational environment.
Why is post-quantum cryptography essential for securing IoT systems in fueling?
As quantum computing continues to develop, it poses a serious threat to traditional encryption methods like RSA and elliptic-curve cryptography. These methods currently protect sensitive data, authenticate devices, and control access within IoT networks. For fueling systems that increasingly depend on interconnected IoT devices, this emerging vulnerability could open the door to risks such as data breaches, device tampering, or even disruptions in operations.
Switching to quantum-resistant encryption is a way to future-proof these systems. By adopting encryption methods designed to withstand quantum computing, fueling operations can protect critical data and ensure secure functionality - even in the face of quantum advancements. However, transitioning to these new cryptographic standards isn’t instant. It requires careful planning and time, making it essential to act early to secure the long-term safety and reliability of fueling infrastructure.
Comments